Panama and Ecuador

Two new species of yellow-shouldered bats, genus Sturnira Gray, 1842 (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae) from Costa Rica, Panama and western Ecuador

Two new species of yellow-shouldered bats Sturnira Gray, 1842 (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae) from Central America and western South America are described using molecular and morphological data. The two new species, which occur in Costa Rica and Panama and in western Ecuador, were previously confused with S. ludovici, and S. lilium and S. luisi, respectively. Sturnira now includes 22 described spe...

Producing Collisions for PANAMA

PANAMA is a cryptographic module that was presented at the FSE Workshop in ’98 by Joan Daemen and Craig Clapp. It can serve both as a stream cipher and as a cryptographic hash function, with a hash result of 256 bits. PANAMA achieves high performance (for large amounts of data) because of its inherent parallelism. We will analyse the security of PANAMA when used as a hash function, and demonstr...

Surgery in Panama.

L ike the country itself, the profession of surgery in Panama is young, and still largely unregulated. Many changes are taking place that will affect the way surgery is practiced in the near future. Some of them are good and necessary, while others are not quite so. For most of the 20th century, the private sector was the driving force behind innovations, but the current economic situation has ...

INSECTS OF PANAMA AND MESOAMERICA Selected Studies

Fast Hashing and Stream Encryption with PANAMA

We present a cryptographic module that can be used both as a cryptographic hash function and as a stream cipher. High performance is achieved through a combination of low work-factor and a high degree of parallelism. Throughputs of 5.1 bits/cycle for the hashing mode and 4.7 bits/cycle for the stream cipher mode are demonstrated on a commercially available VLIW micro-processor.